UNIT 2

TOPICS TO BE COVERED IN THIS UNIT:

1. Designing structured programs
2. Functions - basics, parameter passing
3. Storage classes- extern, auto, register, static
4. Scope rules and block structure
5. User defined functions
6. Standard Library functions
7. Recursive functions
8. Header files
9. C preprocessor

Tutorial 1

1. Give the pictorial representation of different symbols used in flowchart and when it is used?
2. Write an algorithm/ pseudo code for multiplication of three given numbers?
3. Write an algorithm for given problems.
   1. Calculate the simple interest formula I =PNR / 100 (where P- price, N- number of years, R- Rate of Interest)
   2. Find out the Area and Perimeter of a circle.
4. Name different sections used in structure of a 'C' program by using arrows.K
   

            #include ---------------->
            Int  s = 1;------------------------------>
           main()-------------------------------->
               {
                   Int a, b;------------------------------>
                  Printf("enter a&b values");
                  Scanf("%d%d", &a, &b,&c);                    }---> 
                  S=add(a, b,c);
                  Printf("product is %d", S);
               }
           add(int x, int y,int z)
              {
                   s=a+b+c; }-------->
                  return(s);
              }
   

Tutorial 2

1. Indentify which one is a Reserved word, Identifier, Constants, Variables.

   Height	perimeter	'8'	0
   Avg	 "Hello"	10	5.52 
   Sum	"India"	x	#define N 10
   Area	'a'	y	# define a 15
   Auto	sizeof		goto	default
   

2. main()
   {
     int i = 3
     printf("%d", i);
     printf("%d", i++);
     printf("%d", i++);
     printf("%d", ++i);
     printf("%d",++i);
     printf("%d", i++);
   }
   

   What is the output?
   
   
3. Do the following:.
   1. Read int x & int y values and o/p c = 2a+3b. Implement that by using scanf & Printf statement.
   2. (1.) Condition 3 > 2 . (2.) print True or False. Implement that using conditional operator.
4. Name different types of operators?

Tutorial 3

1. Write a program by using following conditions. Read input value X.

   If x = 0 	print output value y = 0;
   If x < 1	print output value y = -1;
   If x > 1 	print output value y = 1;
   

2. Read the value of age, if age>17 print eligible for voting otherwise print not eligible.
3. Write a program to find the roots of quadratic equation using if - else condition?
4. Write a program to find the largest of 3 numbers using nested if - else statement?

5.  main()
     {
       Int   i,j;
       for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
       for(j=1;j<=3;j++)
          {
            If (i>3)
                break;
           Printf("%d%d",i,j);
          }
      Printf("comes out of the loop");
     }
    

   What is the output?
   

6.  main( )
     {
      Int  x;
      Printf("enter a number");
      Scanf("%d",&x);
      If (x%2==0)
           Goto even;
      Else
           Goto odd;
      Even:printf("no is even");
      Odd :printf("no is odd");
     }
     

   Find the output when
   a) x=12;
   b )x=27;
   

Tutorial 4

1. Read two values a & b. Now write a program to perform Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division of two numbers using switch.
2. Write a program to display 1 to 20 numbers.
   1. Using while loop
   2. Using do - while.
   3. Using for - loop.
3. 3. Write a program to implement nth table to the given number
   1. Using while loop
   2. Using do - while.
   3. Using for -loop.

Beginner Problems

1. What is the output of the following program?

     	  int a=5;
  	  void main()
  	   {
     	    int a=10;
    	    printf("%d",a);
      	   }

2. Write a program to add two numbers by using functions. (The function should take parameters and return a value)
3. Write a c program to find factorial of a number by using recursive function.
4. Write a program to find mn using library function
5. Write a program to swap two numbers by using call by address.
6. What is the output of the following program?

        
        void show();
	main()
	 {
 	  show();
  	  show();
  	  show();
	 }
	void show()
	 {
 	  static int i=0;
  	  i++;
 	  printf("%d",i);
	 }

7. What is the output of the following program?

	main()
	 {
   	  int i=9;
   	   {
     	    int i=8;
	    printf("%d",i);
  	   }
  	  printf("%d",i);
         }

Intermediate Problems

1. Write a program to find sum of given series by using function with argument and return value. e = 2 + 3/1! - 6/2! + 9/3! - 12/4! .....!
2. Write a Program to find GCD of 2 numbers using recursion.
3. Write a program to generate Fibonacci numbers using recursion.
4. Program to solve Towers of Hanoi problem using recursion.
5. What is the output of the following program?

   
      #include 
      #define a 10
      main()
       {
        #define a 50
        printf("%d",a);
       }

6. What is the output of the following program?

       main()
 	{
 	 extern out;
 	 printf("%d", out);
	}
 	int out=100;

7. What is the output of the following program?

        int a,b;
	void swap(int,int);
	main()
	 {
   	  a=5;
   	  b=10;
   	  clrscr();
   	  swap(a,b);
   	  printf("%d  %d",a,b);
	 }
	void swap(int a, int  b)
	 {
   	  int t;
   	  t=a;
   	  a=b;
   	  b=t;
	 }

Advanced Problems

1. What is the output of the following program

  	#define mul(x) x*x
 	void main()
 	 {
 	  int m;
  	  clrscr();
  	  m=mul(4+3);
  	  printf("%d" ,m);
 	 }

2. What is the output of the following program

 	 #define square(x) x*x
	 main()
          {
	   int i;
	   i=64/square(4);
	   printf("%d",i);
	  }

3. #define f(g,g2) g##g2

      main()
       {
	int var12=100;
	printf("%d",f(var,12));
       }

4. What is wrong with this program.

       main()
	{
	 register int a=2;
	 printf("Address of a = %d",&a);
	 printf("Value of a   = %d",a);
	}

5. What is the output of the following program.

        #define FALSE -1
	#define TRUE   1
	#define NULL   0
	main()
          {
	   if(NULL)
	   puts("NULL");
	   else if(FALSE)
	   puts("TRUE");
	   else	
	   puts("FALSE");
	  }

6. What is the output of the following program.

         main()
	  {
	   static int var = 5;
	   printf("%d ",var--);
	   if(var)
	   main();
	  }

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